Free Essays on Picasso

Picasso was arguably the most influential artist of the twentieth century. He had some degree of influence in all styles of painting which were used during his time, and was known and respected by almost every art enthusiast on the face of the planet. Pablo Picasso, born Pablo Ruiz y Blasco, came into the world on the 25th of October 1881 in the southern Spanish town of Malaga. Pablo was an artist from early in his life – he was a child prodigy. He began his career as a classical painter. He painted things such as portraits and landscapes. But this style didn’t satisfy Picasso, he was a free man and wanted to express himself and ultimately leave a lasting mark on art as we know it. Picasso turned his attention to cubes. He invented Cubism – a radical art form which used harsh lines and corners to display a picture instead of the usual soft curves (see enclosed picture no. 1). Picasso won a lot of fame for his Cubist paintings, but was criticized for it also. He designed and painted the drop curtain and some giant cubist figures for a ballet in 1917. When the audience saw the huge distorted images on stage, they were angry, they thought the ballet was a joke at their expense. Cubism lived on despite this. Other artists mimicked Picasso’s Cubism, and it took hold. Picasso had only just begun his one-man art revolution. In the late 1920s, Picasso fixed himself upon an even more revolutionary art form – Surrealism. Surrealism emphasized the role of the unconscious mind in creative activity. Surrealists aimed at creating art from dream, visions, and irrational impulses. Their paintings shocked the world – particularly Picasso’s – it was unlike anything anyone had ever seen before. Picasso saw his newly found art form as a kind of â€Å"painted literature† or sign language. He took advantage of this fact and also the fact that he was extremely famous, to make a few political statements, statements that would go down in hist... Free Essays on Picasso Free Essays on Picasso Picasso was arguably the most influential artist of the twentieth century. He had some degree of influence in all styles of painting which were used during his time, and was known and respected by almost every art enthusiast on the face of the planet. Pablo Picasso, born Pablo Ruiz y Blasco, came into the world on the 25th of October 1881 in the southern Spanish town of Malaga. Pablo was an artist from early in his life – he was a child prodigy. He began his career as a classical painter. He painted things such as portraits and landscapes. But this style didn’t satisfy Picasso, he was a free man and wanted to express himself and ultimately leave a lasting mark on art as we know it. Picasso turned his attention to cubes. He invented Cubism – a radical art form which used harsh lines and corners to display a picture instead of the usual soft curves (see enclosed picture no. 1). Picasso won a lot of fame for his Cubist paintings, but was criticized for it also. He designed and painted the drop curtain and some giant cubist figures for a ballet in 1917. When the audience saw the huge distorted images on stage, they were angry, they thought the ballet was a joke at their expense. Cubism lived on despite this. Other artists mimicked Picasso’s Cubism, and it took hold. Picasso had only just begun his one-man art revolution. In the late 1920s, Picasso fixed himself upon an even more revolutionary art form – Surrealism. Surrealism emphasized the role of the unconscious mind in creative activity. Surrealists aimed at creating art from dream, visions, and irrational impulses. Their paintings shocked the world – particularly Picasso’s – it was unlike anything anyone had ever seen before. Picasso saw his newly found art form as a kind of â€Å"painted literature† or sign language. He took advantage of this fact and also the fact that he was extremely famous, to make a few political statements, statements that would go down in hist... Free Essays on Picasso Picasso Pablo Picasso was one of the most interesting artists of his times, and by far was one of the most influential people in art history. Picasso was a man of many different abilities and attributes, which he contributed to the art community in numerous ways. First, Picasso was an extraordinary man for his sheer ability and length of his career as an artist. Also, early in Picasso’s life he was deemed a prodigy with the potential to be one of the greatest ever (Richardson 28). Pablo was born October twenty-fifth, 1881, and lived to be ninety-one years of age. Pablo was born in the small town of Malaga, Spain, where he only spent a fraction of his life and much smaller amount of time painting. The fact that he was able to live such a long life is an accomplishment in it self. Life expectancy in today’s society is only seventy some years of age, and he was born in a day and age where men were not expected to live for nearly half of that. Picasso was able to contribute to the art community all the up until his death in 1973. Along with that, Picasso also lived through two world wars, an American depression, and the rise and fall of two nazi regimes, which consequently lead to one of his greatest works (Stien 30). Not only did he have to survive life in general; he had to survive the struggles and hardships of war and famine. Picasso’s ability to survive makes him a special person, without even seeing a piece of his art. In correlation with Picas so’s li! fe span, his origin is also just as extraordinary. When born in 1881, he did not take his father’s name as every normal person does. Instead of taking the name of Ruiz, his father, he chose to take his mother’s maiden name, Picasso (Martin) Pablo’s reasoning behind this was that his father’s name was too common, and for a boy of his ability he needed a more exotic name, like Picasso. He believed that to be a painter you could not have a common name, you m... Free Essays on Picasso Perhaps the most radical painting of the twentieth-century, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, hangs unobtrusively at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. This large canvas, measuring 96" x 92", was to revolutionize modern painting by charting a new way of depicting reality. In 1907 its painter, Pablo Picasso, broke all of the rules that the "artistically correct" learned at the art academies: he disposed of three-dimensional perspective, abandoned harmonious proportion, used distortion, and borrowed from the art of primitive cultures. In fact, the painting was such a revolutionary statement that when the painting was first viewed by some French critics, the painter Derain even suggested to Picasso that he would one day commit suicide for the shame that he had brought on the art establishment. Originally Les Demoiselles was going to be an allegory of venereal disease, entitled "The Wages of Sin." In the study for the painting, Picasso sketched a sailor carousing in a brothel amongst prostitutes and a young medical student holding a skull, a symbol for mortality. But the subsequent painting is quite different from the original sketch: only the women appear. And these women are not the traditional nudes that viewers had become so accustomed to in the 1880's when Degas and Toulouse-Lautrec had begun to capture them in the moment of the "parade," whereby prostitutes announced their wares and services to their clients. Nor are these women feminine and beautiful as Ingres’ Venus Anadyomene. Then who are these women in this brothel in Barcelona's Avignon Street and why do they appear the way they do? Perhaps the answers to this question lies in Picasso's fear of women in general. Their flesh is not depicted as being soft and inviting but sharp and knifelike. In fact, their flesh suggests castration and fear of women. As Robert Hughes implies, "No painter put his anxiety about impotence and castration more plainly than Picasso did in Les Demoi... Free Essays on Picasso Perhaps the most radical painting of the twentieth-century, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, hangs unobtrusively at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. This large canvas, measuring 96" x 92", was to revolutionize modern painting by charting a new way of depicting reality. In 1907 its painter, Pablo Picasso, broke all of the rules that the "artistically correct" learned at the art academies: he disposed of three-dimensional perspective, abandoned harmonious proportion, used distortion, and borrowed from the art of primitive cultures. In fact, the painting was such a revolutionary statement that when the painting was first viewed by some French critics, the painter Derain even suggested to Picasso that he would one day commit suicide for the shame that he had brought on the art establishment. Originally Les Demoiselles was going to be an allegory of venereal disease, entitled "The Wages of Sin." In the study for the painting, Picasso sketched a sailor carousing in a brothel amongst prostitutes and a young medical student holding a skull, a symbol for mortality. But the subsequent painting is quite different from the original sketch: only the women appear. And these women are not the traditional nudes that viewers had become so accustomed to in the 1880's when Degas and Toulouse-Lautrec had begun to capture them in the moment of the "parade," whereby prostitutes announced their wares and services to their clients. Nor are these women feminine and beautiful as Ingres’ Venus Anadyomene. Then who are these women in this brothel in Barcelona's Avignon Street and why do they appear the way they do? Perhaps the answers to this question lies in Picasso's fear of women in general. Their flesh is not depicted as being soft and inviting but sharp and knifelike. In fact, their flesh suggests castration and fear of women. As Robert Hughes implies, "No painter put his anxiety about impotence and castration more plainly than Picasso did in Les Demoi...

Quipu - South Americas Undeciphered Writing System

Quipu - South Americas Undeciphered Writing System Quipu is the Spanish form of the Inca (Quechua language) word khipu (also spelled quipo), a unique form of ancient communication and information storage used by the Inca Empire, their competition and their predecessors in South America. Scholars believe that quipus record information in the same way as a cuneiform tablet or a painted symbol on papyrus do. But rather than using painted or impressed symbols to convey a message, the ideas in quipus are expressed by colors and knot patterns, cord twist directions and directionality, in cotton and wool threads. The first western report of quipus was from the Spanish conquistadors including Francisco Pizarro and the clerics who attended him. According to Spanish records, quipus were kept and maintained by specialists (called quipucamayocs or khipukamayuq), and shamans who trained for years to master the intricacies of the multi-layered codes. This was not a technology shared by everyone in the Inca community. According to 16th-century historians such as Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, quipus  were carried throughout the empire by relay riders, called chasquis, who brought the coded information along the Inca road system, keeping the Inca rulers up to date with the news around their far-flung empire. The Spanish destroyed thousands of quipus in the 16th century. An estimated 600 remain today, stored in museums, found in recent excavations, or preserved in local Andean communities. Quipu Meaning Although the process of deciphering the quipu system is still just beginning, scholars surmise (at least) that information is stored in cord color, cord length, knot type, knot location, and cord twist direction. Quipu cords are often plaited in combined colors like a barber pole; cords sometimes have single threads of distinctively dyed cotton or wool woven in. Cords are connected mostly from a single horizontal strand, but on some elaborate examples, multiple subsidiary cords lead off from the horizontal base in vertical or oblique directions. What information is stored in a quipu? Based on historical reports, they were certainly used for administrative tracking of tributes and records of the production levels of farmers and artisans throughout the Inca empire. Some quipu may have represented maps of the pilgrimage road network known as the ceque system and/or they may have been mnemonic devices to help oral historians remember ancient legends or the genealogical relationships so important to Inca society. American anthropologist Frank Salomon has noted that the physicality of quipus seems to suggest that the medium was exceptionally strong in encoding discrete categories, hierarchy, numbers, and grouping. Whether quipus have narratives embedded in them as well, the likelihood that well ever be able to translate story-telling quipus is very small. Evidence for the Quipu Use Archaeological evidence indicates that quipus have been in use in South America at least since ~AD 770, and they continue to be used by Andean pastoralists today. The following is a brief description of evidence supporting quipu use throughout Andean history. Caral-Supe culture (possible, ca 2500 BC). The oldest possible quipu comes from the Caral-Supe civilization, a preceramic (Archaic) culture in South America made up of at least 18 villages and enormous pyramidal architecture. In 2005, researchers reported a collection of strings twisted around small sticks from a context dated to approximately 4,000-4,500 years ago. Further information has not been published to date, and the interpretation of this as a quipu is somewhat controversial.Middle Horizon Wari (AD 600-1000). The strongest evidence for the  pre-Inca use of quipu record keeping is from the Middle Horizon Wari (or Huari) empire, an early urban and perhaps state level Andean society centered at the capital city of Huari, Peru. The competing and contemporary Tiwanaku state also had a cord device called a chino, but little information is available about its technology or characteristics to date.Late Horizon Inca (1450-1532). The best-known and largest number of surviving quipus are dated to the Inca period (1450-Spanish conquest in 1532). These are known both from the archaeological record and from historical reports- hundreds are in museums around the world, with data on 450 of them residing in the Khipu Database Project at Harvard University. Quipu Usage After the Spanish Arrival At first, the Spanish encouraged the use of quipu for various colonial enterprises, from recording the amount of collected tribute to keeping track of sins in the confessional. The converted Inca peasant was supposed to bring a quipu to the priest to confess his sins and read those sins during that confession. That stopped when the priests realized that most of the people couldnt actually use a quipu in that manner: the converts had to return to the quipu specialists to obtain a quipu and a list of sins that corresponded to the knots. After that, the Spanish worked to suppress the use of the quipu. After the suppression, much Inca information was stored in written versions of the Quechua and Spanish  languages, but quipu use continued in local, intracommunity records. The historian  Garcilaso de la Vega based his reports of the downfall of the last Inca king Atahualpa on both quipu and Spanish sources. It might have been at the same time that quipu technology began to spread outside of the quipucamayocs and Inca rulers: some Andean herders today still use quipu to keep track of their llama and alpaca herds. Salomon also found that in some provinces, local governments use historical quipu as patrimonial symbols of their past, although they do not claim competence in reading them. Administrative Uses: Santa River Valley Census Archaeologists Michael Medrano and Gary Urton compared six quipus said to have been recovered from a burial in the Santa River Valley of coastal Peru, to data from a Spanish colonial administrative census conducted in 1670. Medrano and Urton found striking pattern similarities between the quipu and census, leading them to argue that they hold some of the same data. The Spanish census reported information about the Recuay Indians who lived in several settlements near what is today the town of San Pedro de Corongo. The census was split into administrative units (pachacas) which usually coincided with Incan clan group or ayllu. The census lists 132 people by name, each of whom paid taxes to the colonial government. At the end of the census, a statement said the tribute assessment was to be read out to the natives and entered into a quipu. The six quipus were in the collection of the Peruvian-Italian quipu scholar Carlos Radicati de Primeglio at the time of his death in 1990. Together the six quipus contain a total of 133 six-cord color-coded groups. Medrano and Urton suggest that each cord group represents a person on the census, containing information about each individual. What the Quipu Say The Santa River cord groups are patterned, by color banding, knot direction, and ply: and Medrano and Urton believe that it is possible that the name, moiety affiliation, ayllu, and amount of tax owed or paid by an individual taxpayer could well be stored among those different cord characteristics. They believe they have so far identified the way the moiety is coded into the cord group, as well as the amount of tribute paid or owed by each individual. Not every individual paid the same tribute. And they have identified possible ways that proper names might have been recorded as well. The implications of the research are that Medrano and Urban have identified evidence supporting the contention that quipu store a great deal of information about the rural Inca societies, including not just the amount of tribute paid, but family connections, social status, and language. Inca Quipu Characteristics Quipus made during the Inca Empire are decorated in at least 52 different colors, either as a single solid color, twisted into two-color barber poles, or as an unpatterned mottled group of colors. They have three kinds of knots, a single/overhand knot, a long knot of multiple twists of the overhand style, and an elaborate figure-of-eight knot. The knots are tied in tiered clusters, which have been identified as recording the numbers of objects in a base-10 system. German archaeologist Max Uhle interviewed a shepherd in 1894, who told him that the figure-of-eight knots on his quipu stood for 100 animals, the long knots were 10s and single overhand knots represented a single animal. Inca quipus were made from strings of spun and plied threads of cotton or camelid (alpaca and llama) wool fibers. They were typically arranged in only one organized form: primary cord and pendant. The surviving single primary cords are of widely variable length but are typically about a half centimeter (about two-tenths of an inch) in diameter. The number of pendant cords varies between two and 1,500: the average in the Harvard database is 84. In about 25 percent of the quipus, the pendant cords have subsidiary pendant cords. One sample from Chile contained six levels. Some quipus were recently found in an Inca-period archaeological site  right next to plant remains of chili peppers, black beans, and peanuts (Urton and Chu 2015). Examining the quipus, Urton and Chu think they have discovered a recurring pattern of a number- 15- that may represent the amount of tax due to the empire on each of these foodstuffs. This is the first time that archaeology has been able to explicitly connect quipus to accounting practices. Wari Quipu Characteristics American archaeologist Gary Urton (2014) collected data on 17 quipus which date to the Wari period, several of which have been radiocarbon-dated. The oldest so far is dated to cal AD 777-981, from a collection stored in the American Museum of Natural History. Wari quipus are made of cords of white cotton, which were then wrapped with elaborately dyed threads made from the wool of camelids (alpaca and llama). Knot styles found incorporated in the cords are simple overhand knots, and they are predominantly plied in a Z-twist  fashion. The Wari quipus are organized in two main formats: primary cord and pendant, and loop and branch. The primary cord of a quipu is a long horizontal cord, from which hangs a number of thinner cords. Some of those descending cords also have pendants, called subsidiary cords. The loop and branch type has an elliptical loop for a primary cord; pendant cords descend from it in series of loops and branches. Researcher Urton believes that the main organizational counting system may have been base 5 (that of the Inca quipus has been determined to be base 10) or the Wari may not have used such a representation. Sources Hyland, Sabine. Ply, Markedness, and Redundancy: New Evidence for How Andean Quipus Encoded Information. American Anthropologist 116.3 (2014): 643-48. Print.Kenney, Amanda. Encoding Authority: Navigating the Uses of Khipu in Colonial Peru. Traversea 3 (2013). Print.Medrano, Manuel, and Gary Urton. Toward the Decipherment of a Set of Mid-Colonial Khipus from the Santa Valley, Coastal Peru. Ethnohistory 65.1 (2018): 1-23. Print.Pilgaonkar, Sneha. The Khipu-Based Numeration System. ArcXiv arXiv:1405.6093 (2014). Print.Saez-Rodrà ­guez, Alberto. An Ethnomathematics Exercise for Analyzing a Khipu Sample from Pachacamac (Perà º). Revista Latinoamericana de Ethnomatemtica 5.1 (2012): 62-88. Print.Salomon, Frank. The Twisting Paths of Recall: Khipu (Andean Cord Notation) as Artifact. Writing as Material Practice: Substance, Surface and Medium. Eds. Piquette, Kathryn E. and Ruth D. Whitehouse. London: Ubiquity Press, 2013. 15-44. Print.Tun, Molly, and Miguel Angel Diaz Sotelo. Recovering An dean Historical Memory and Mathematics. Revista Latinoamericana de Etnomatemtica 8.1 (2015): 67-86. Print. Urton, Gary. From Middle Horizon Cord-Keeping to the Rise of Inka Khipus in the Central Andes. Antiquity 88.339 (2014): 205-21. Print.Urton, Gary, and Alejandro Chu. Accounting in the Kings Storehouse: The Inkawasi Khipu Archive. Latin American Antiquity 26.4 (2015): 512-29. Print.

Similar and differences between poems. Ulysses by Alfred, Lord Essay

Similar and differences between poems. Ulysses by Alfred, Lord Tennyson and The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T.S. Eliot - Essay Example This essay examines the similarities and differences of the two poems. Elliot’s and Tennyson’s works of art are in the same way dramatic monologue poems. Both poems center on an aged character that lacks confidence and contentment in life. Ulysses, the narrator of the latter writer’s poem reveals his sorrowful feelings to an unknown listener after returning from his explorations. Similarly, Elliot’s work has only one narrator named â€Å"J. Alfred Prufrock.† He, like Ulysses, is an aging unselfconfident man who talks about his unexciting life. Yesterday is in no way different from today. As mentioned by Prufrock, his life is uneventful as ‘time passes by carefully’ (line 75). Thus, the two poems suggest a lonely theme as Prufrock believes his useless life and Ulysses years to do more explorations. Additionally, both poems bring up the word â€Å"water.† Elliot includes the word in the line, â€Å"When the wind blows the water white and black† (line 128) as the narrator describes how mermaids’ comb their beautiful hair that intimidates him for he is bald. Moreover, Ulysses mentioning how he wants to go back to the water reveals his wanting to travel more. The two displeased speakers don’t fail to remember death as well. Elliot presents Prufrock’s grief by saying he has seen the â€Å"eternal Footman† (line 85). The footman pertains to the person who helps the soul of a dead person to go to another dimension or afterlife. Tennyson, in the same instance, reflects death on Ulysses. The speaker who is a traveler wants to sail away from death to have the chance to explore and have more adventures. Tennyson and Elliot both use Allusion on their works. In Prufrock’s speech, he mentions â€Å"work and days† (line 29) which is exactly the title of the Greek poet Hesiod. Another allusion used is â€Å"dying fall† (line 52). The expression was popularized by Shakespeare as it was used in his work â€Å"Twelfth Night.† The words and phrases â€Å"prophet†

Individual Income Taxes - Tax-Deductible Losses Research Paper

Individual Income Taxes - Tax-Deductible Losses - Research Paper Example Casualty loss is not deductible if the damage or destruction is caused by accidental breaking like glassware, fire that was set willingly and finally a car accident is neglected or willingly act caused it. Keeping adequate records is one of the most important things a taxpayer can avoid a potential IRS audit doesn’t result in any assessment of additional tax, penalties and interests. This method helps you defend yourself against IRS audit. According to the United States internal revenue code, there are certain losses that are considered for tax purposes. This means that the loss can’t be compensated by Insurance and it must be sustained during the taxable year. If the losses are casualty or theft of personal, family, the loss must result from an event that is identifiable, and damaging or unusual nature. Losses incurred in a business or a profit-seeking activity are deductible whether if not they are due to casualty or theft (Pratt & Kulsurd, 2012). Under the current tax laws a casualty loss deduction is allowed if the extent of the loss is not reimbursed by insurance. This law was enacted because of the natural causes that frequently happen and the insurance companies are not fully equipped and able to pay for the massive damages caused. The tax-deductible losses have been modified for years, allowing losses under the tax code. In the 1880s deductions were allowed for losses related to fire and shipwrecks. In the 1990s it covered natural disasters and other casualties and theft. The federal government has responded in so much losses by offering aid to help cover by removing debris and rebuilding areas hit hardest Some people are covered by insurance but the insurance doesn’t cover the entire loss fully, if a tax payer doesn’t have insurance, he/she can be compensate by the federal income tax return for the casualty loss related to disaster.

Compare and contrast the poems Essay Example for Free

Compare and contrast the poems Essay The poem leaves us either reassured that in the midst of all evil there can be some good or depressed and in despair because in the family life of the Belson commandant lurks an evil which could ruin their lives any time. Night of the Scorpion The title denotes power and control from the scorpion as one night the scorpion ruled and controlled everything that happened. The title uses Night to give a sense of dark times and that something fatal may occur. The poem is very other. It has an Indian location which is where scorpions can be found as it is one of the warmer regions of the world. The poem is in free verse with the last three lines sectioned off. It is of narrative style and contains a very memorable heart. The weather was desperate and it was lashing with rain. In fact the monsoon conditions had affected the scorpion and all that it wanted to do was to shelter from the torrent. However it was disturbed by the poets mother who was probably searching for rice to feed her family. She was stung and the poison from the tail entered her bloodstream like a foreign invader defiling the enemy territory. Many neighbours arrived and the author compares this to a swarm of flies. I would compare it to students who clamour around desperate fro entertainment around a schoolyard fight or would be helpers around an accident victim. The neighbours like the helpers all had their suggestions many of their ideas involving the power, rituals and beliefs of religion. The scorpion is thought to be evil when in reality it is only trying to protect itself. The people believed that the victim and the scorpion were still linked. This bond meant that when the scorpion moved the poison inside the mother moved around her blood invading and conquering. Many prayers were said for the victim. The neighbours also felt that out of this tragic accident some good would emerge. The poison would burn away her sins and cleanse and purify her body of excessive ambition and lustful or adulterous thoughts or acts. Neighbours believed that her suffering was paying the price of evil to God and reducing the amount of evil in the world. The victims husband was willing to try any one idea or a combination and mixture of the suggestions. He was usually not one to believe in religion but usually based his opinions on logic and facts. Yet even he set fire to the affected site and watched the flame feeding on her toe. A holy man was allowed to perform sacred rites and after twenty hours the victim recovers only to rejoice in the fact that it was her and not her children. The mothers wishes were a superb example of the unconditional love most mothers feel for their children. Comparisons and Differences. Both poems are about creatures who are simply concerned with their own survival. With the vultures it is the need for food that causes them to be scavenges and with the scorpion its wish not to be squashed causes it to flash its diabolic tail. Both poems give information on cultures that are not familiar to us. The main difference is the message given by the poets In vultures the readers can chose there own position with regards to good and evil whereas the second message denotes the helplessness that sometimes death will occur and at other times the victim will survive. In the scorpion it is possible for both the victim and the scorpion to survive whereas the vultures will die if they dont eat prey and the prey is already dead. Death is a necessary evil for the vultures. Cultural Background I think that Night of the Scorpion best captures cultural background because it mentions religion and family life from another culture. For example mud baked walls and candles and lanterns and the Holy man performing his rights to tame the poison with an incantation. Whereas vultures is set in the middle of nowhere, somewhere like the deserted plains of Africa. It isnt something that would be found happening in a village. Scorpion is a true story of the poets family and it comes across through the detail and building of atmosphere the poem contains brought about by the phrase ten hours of steady rain had driven him to crawl beneath a sack of rice. As he was there at the time his thoughts and feelings are brought across very well in his writing. The poem shows compassion when the mother only said Thank God the scorpion picked on me and spared my children. Conclusion I prefer vultures as I like the way in which evil is contained in good. This is shown in the phrase in the very germ of that kindred love is lodged the perpetuity of evil. The evil is described in phrases such as picked the eyes of a swollen corpse, ate the things in its bowel and fumes of human roast. The good however is conjured up by inclined affectionately and tender offspring. I feel it is more of a poem compared to Night of the Scorpion because Scorpion is a very much narrative style of writing. It is too narrative for my liking.

Plath’s Daddy Essays: Language in Plath’s Daddy :: Plath Daddy Essays

Language in Plath’s Daddy The speaker of "Daddy" might be seen as our collective inner child, the voice of a world that has "fallen a long way." There is an implied gain in the poem -- of catharsis, liberation -- but "Daddy" is fundamentally a poem about loss. The speaker has finally and irrevocably disabused herself of the notion of a "recovered" childhood, the dream of "the waters off beautiful Nauset." There is no going "back, back, back" to some illusory idyllic existence, no way to make whole that "pretty red heart": the first oppressor in this poem is the unrealized past ("You died before I had time--"). The poem exemplifies this in its form, the nursery-rhyme sound, the ooh, ooh, ooh of the end rhymes, so jarring in contrast with its substance, its images of stark brutality. Childhood and innocence are corrupted herein by the inescapable internalization of "wars, wars, wars." Conventional images have undergone a desecration: "Not God but a swastika"; not father but devil; not husband but vampire. Langu age, rather than a means of connection, has become an obstacle, confining the self ("The tongue stuck in my jaw. / It stuck in a barb wire snare. Ich, ich, ich, ich . . . ") Language, as a conveyor of images, is itself the subject of this poem -- the "foot" in line three is as much metrical as it is metaphorical, one could argue. Plath's "Colossus," her apprenticeship in the Western poetic tradition, with this poem is junked in the "freakish Atlantic," just another thrown off oppressor. The language of this world has conveyed the speaker to a place of horrors: "obscene," it is "An engine, an engine / Chuffing me off like a Jew. / A Jew to Dachau, Auschwitz, Belsen." In this sense, Plath's appropriation of Holocaust imagery, much castigated, must be seen as subsequent to that imagery's appropriation of her -- and, by extension, of us all. Plath demonstrates in this poem that the horrors of history are fundamentally personal, that human history is simply personal! history writ large, that the brutalities of the age inform every childhood, that the notion of innocence is a sham, a game of cowboys and Indians, to use a less highly charged analogy, against a backdrop of the Trail of Tears.

Is Banning Books Constitutional? Essay

The Catcher in the Rye. The Scarlet Letter. Huckleberry Finn. Harry Potter. The Diary of Anne Frank. Animal Farm. To Kill a Mockingbird. The Da Vinci Code. The Grapes of Wrath. These literary classics have been vital to the education of many, especially children and adolescents (Banned Books). These great novels both teach important values and educate children about world affairs and classic themes. Unfortunately, each of these novels has been banned at one point in time. In a country where freedom is so adamantly advocated, it is a wonder that an issue like censorship would even come up, that such a controversy would sink its claws into the minds of states’ boards of education across the nation. Censorship is a needless restriction placed on developing minds that need the morals and values that banned books can give. Many of these classic stories have been banned because of sexual references, racial slurs, religious intolerance, or supposed witchcraft promotion. Although some may consider these books controversial or inappropriate, many English classes have required their students to read these books (About banned). It should be believed that even controversial books could ultimately boost, not deter, our educational wealth. Book banning should be opposed for three main reasons: education should be open to everyone, citizens should have access to the press, and, lastly, parents should monitor what their own children read and not what other children can obtain. For these reasons, I conclude that the government should play no role in what books any age group can obtain. At first glance, the debate over banning books appears unimportant. Nevertheless, this debate has divided our nation into those who favor censoring books to protect their impressionable adolescents, and those who argue that education should be open for everybody without interference from the government in restricting the publishing and accessing of these books. The author, Micah Issitt, argues that censoring books violates the First Amendment, stating, â€Å"Citizens must be free to seek out any media, regardless of content, that they deem appropriate for entertainment, information, or education.† (Kelly) All citizens should have the choice to read whatever they want, but should not have the right to dictate what others may read. If a person considers a book inappropriate or offensive, then he or she does not have to read it, but to someone else, that same book may be exactly what he or she needs to move beyond ignorance and into the world of the informed and educated. By being exposed to new ideas and information through reading and various styles of expression, young adults have the opportunity to learn tolerance, acceptance and respect for others. He or she learns to form his or her own opinion and learns how to understand the world a little more. In a country such as the United States, it is the right of the people to respectfully share their views through the spoken or written. It is also the right of the people to listen and acknowledge such views. It is not only immoral to oppose certain books and prevent children and young adults from reading them, but it can be construed as unconstitutional. If anyone had the right to challenge â€Å"inappropriate† books, it would be the parents of the â€Å"susceptible† children being protected. Parents are the only adults responsible for what kinds of book their children digest. Only they can know what may be suitable and what their children can handle. â€Å"Even though not every book will be right for every reader, the ability to read, speak, think and express ourselves freely are core American values,† states Barbara Jones, director of the American Library Association Office for Intellectual Freedom. â€Å"Protecting one of our most fundamental rights- the free dom to read- means respecting each other’s differences and the right of all people to choose for themselves, what they and their families read.† So, how is it that boards of education are the ones making decisions on books? Which ones should be censored? What right do they have to do so? The boards are not the ones who should be held accountable for what books children and adolescents absorb; this is primarily the responsibility of parents. Many conservative groups make the argument that the books that have been banned have material that is inappropriate, immoral or contradicting the beliefs they have ingrained in their children and/or their society. Book-banning cases usually concern the protection of children and their innocence, but all that is happening is sheltering parents trying to avoid an awkward confrontation with their child about uncomfortable matters. It is not only selfish, but also harmful to the overall education of their children. The touchy subjects of banned books contain issues that are part of everyday life, and for a group to attempt to censor this subject from younger society is almost absurd; these issues are not monstrous and the censorship of them not only shows prejudice but lack of respect. Others would say that it is the government’s duty to regulate these books. It is the exact opposite of the government’s role- the private lives of U.S. citizens and the books they read should be regulated and controlled at his or her own digression. (Banned books) Topics that seem socially outlawed in public have been banned because their immoral content may have a negative affect on younger children. In these books, authors do not promote or encourage bad behaviors; they prepare their readers for some of the real world’s challenges. Even though these books center around scary topics, they are educating children on real-life matters that they will be exposed to once they venture into the world themselves. With the knowledge that some of these books have to offer, children can learn how not to act and what can be the consequences if they do misbehave. Banning books not only hinders a child’s educational development but also leaves them unaware of the true state of the world. This learning experience could be a turn-around with the help of a parent and pass a positive affect on to the child. Books do not simply impart general information; they heavily influence a child, the future generation. Without regular access to books, both adults and children could not form sound opinions, only narrow-minded ones. Both advocates and opposers of book banning agree, â€Å"Books are powerful instruments.† (Kelly) Any person should remain free to select his or her reading material. This personal issue of selecting reading material has no relation to the government. On the contrary, government and school board action interferes with the individual education, a primary American value. Ultimately, children can learn personal responsibility in determining which books to regard and which to discard. In the future, these children will become well-educated adults who can benefit the American society. â€Å"Banned Books and Censorship–A Closer Look at Book Banning.† BooksAtoZ. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jul 2012. . Kelly, Melissa. â€Å"Censorship and Book Banning in America.† About.com. New York Times, n.d. Web. 15 Jul 2012. . â€Å"About Banned & Challenged Books.† American Library Association. ALA, n.d. Web. 15 Jul 2012. . â€Å"Banned and Challenged Classics.† American Library Association. ALA, n.d. Web. 19 Jul 2012. .

Cosmetology Essay

What is the definition of beauty?What defines beauty? What is it to be beautiful? Beauty is confidence. Many people in the celebrity world view beauty as one’s physical appearance. They are not wrong: there is a physical beauty, but people fail to realize their inner beauty. confidence has been shown in many makeover shows such as Extreme Makeover to make peoples beauty increase dramatically. Confidence allows self-esteem to increase , and grants the person more positive thinking in their view of life. Confidence in oneself is needed to reveal the true beauty in every person. The perception of beauty is immensely broad, making it an exceptionally complex topic, as there are many ideas about beauty. For example, there is a certain ethnic group in Africa who believe having rings to elongate their neck is beautiful. Also, bound feet in china are a well-known perspective of beauty. These are merely several ancient traditions of physical attractiveness; seeing inner beauty is anoth er way to view beauty. People are beginning to believe that confidence and beauty are interlinked. In search of evidence to support this argument , â€Å" When we have confidence in ourselves we tend to dress with the clothes that fit us best†¦. that looks good on them, they take care of themselves†¦ On top of that, we smile more because we’re happy with ourselves; Smiles are always attractive. When they can see that amount of self respect, it makes everyone around you feel good and then what happens beauty radiates from everyone.† (answers.yahoo.com:How are beauty and confidence interlinked?) This is one case on how beauty and confidence are connected. however, dressing as yourself, and being happy proud of who you are, is another of confidence, that increases external and internal beauty. Other people, especially friends nearby, will notice others’ happiness and confidence, which will make them more attractive. Subjective and objective beauty is vital, and when one feels positive and more grateful for their attractive qualities, they will be more confident, and their true beauty will be shown. True beauty is confidence. Some people fail to realize this; however, the moral that confidence and beauty are connected is beginning to spread. Confidence will increase self-esteem, happiness, and pride in oneself, and the true beauty of the person will soon be revealed. â€Å"I don’t think I could live without hair, makeup and styling, let alone be the performer I am. I am a glamour girl through and through. I believe in the glamorous life and I live one.†-Lady Gaga So what is a cosmetologist? The most common definition for a cosmetologist is an expert in the use of cosmetics and beauty treatments.Aside from hair styling, cosmetologists can also specialize in nail design, skincare or makeup application. Home beauty products continue to flood the market, but some are too difficult or risky for individuals to perform on themselves at home. For example, while the materials for applying acrylic nails can be purchased in many retail stores, without prior experience or salo n tools the quality may not be the same as nails applied in a salon, and there may be potential for damaging the nail bed or cuticle. The same principles may apply to hair color and skin-care services; sometimes the best look and quality are obtained from a trained stylist or cosmetologist.As aesthetics change, cosmetologists continually learn new procedures and techniques. For example, as spray tanning has become an alternative to damaging the skin with standard tanning techniques, many cosmetologists have added spray tanning to their repertoires. With expansion of services, many cosmetologists continue to seek additional licenses for laser hair removal, the application of skin peels and massage. Others continue to practice with new hair implements and dyes as they come into fashion. These are some ways cosmetologists stay prepared to help their clients look and feel their best. What is the difference between a barber and a cosmetologist?While there may be little difference between what a cosmetologist and a barber have been trained to do, there generally are limitations to which services they can perform. Most barbers have received training on cutting women’s hair, coloring and perms. Barber shops, however, often limit services to cutting men’s hair, beard trimming and scalp treatments. In most states, only barbers are allowed to perform beard shaving; stylists are trained for both  men’s and women’s cuts, coloring, and manicure and pedicure services, but are often not permitted to shave beards.Why is cosmetology important?Cosmetology is very important because it doesnt only make a person beautiful from the outside as well. It also changes someone from the inside. It makes a woman feel beautiful, strong, and ready to take on any challenge in life. Cosmetology can help raise and even lower one’s self-esteem.Cosmetology ca n change someone’s entire life. Are cosmetologists important in today’s modern society? : â€Å"In spite of all the refinements of society that conspired to make art the dizzying perfection of the string quartet or the sprawling grandeur of Fragonard’s canvases beauty was savage. It was as dangerous and lawless as the earth had been eons before man had one single coherent thought in his head or wrote codes of conduct on tablets of clay. Beauty was a Savage Garden.†-Anne Rice Cosmetologists still are considered important in society today as they continue to train and learn to create a number of styles and looks that the average individual may not be able to perform herself. Most states require licenses and extensive training before performing cosmetic procedures like cutting hair and sculpting nails. Market demand requires frequent training and refreshers to ensure the safety and satisfaction of patrons. According to the U.S. Board of Labor statistics, 825,000 people work in the cosmetology industry as barbers, skin care specialists, hair stylists and nail te chnicians. While cosmetology is big business in large, densely populated cities and states, even the smallest towns can have at least one barbershop or salon. As cosmetologists continue to train for new and in-demand techniques, their services are considered important by many members of society today. â€Å"No matter what a woman’s appearance may be, it will be used to undermine what she is saying and taken to individualize – as her personal problem – observations she makes about the beauty myth in society† -Naomi Wolf A person’s appearance can greatly affect how others view them, as well as how that particular person views him or herself. This is why the work of a hairdresser, hairstylist, and cosmetologist is so important. These workers, whom we will broadly refer to as cosmetologists, are trusted by their clients to make them look the best that they could possibly look. The duties of a cosmetologist includes cutting and styling hair, fitting hairpieces, coloring hair, offering hair treatments like perms, manicuring nails, giving facials, and much more, depending on the cosmetologist’s particular niche. For example, some may work primarily in hair styling, while others may work primarily in hair removal. Most cosmetologists work regular 40-hour work weeks, though those who own their own businesses may work longer in order to ensure its upkeep. Regular interaction with customers is a big part of the work environment, as cosmetologists strive to make their clients feel welcome and comfortable. What are the requirements to being a cosmetologist?All cosmetologists must be licensed to work in the professional field, and a prerequisite for licensure is to graduate from a cosmetology school. This ensures that everyone who owns a cosmetology business or works in one is qualified to provide the service that they specialize in, especially since some cosmetology services can be dangerous if done by an unskilled technician, such as waxing and hair coloring. Most cosmetology programs take about a year to complete, and some may even result in an associate degree for the graduate. The classes taken are highly specific to the area of cosmetology being studied. For example, aspiring hairstylists will take classes in how to cut different types of hair and different styles, whereas aspiring nail technicians will take classes in proper manicure and pedicure techniques. After completing the program, most cosmetology schools will then provide students with a way to earn certification so that they may directly enter into the professional field. Why Cosmetology is a Hot Career? There will always be a demand for cosmetology services, especially since appearance is such an important thing in modern society. In addition, due to the fact that there will always be people getting married and celebrating other special events, cosmetology services will endure as well to cater to these clients. Employment opportunities are projected to increase 20% over the 2008-18 decade, adding 127,000 new jobs into the market, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The freedom that this career offers also adds to its appeal. Many cosmetologists are self-employed and make their own schedules, so they only work when they desire to do so. The earnings are respectable as well, with the median hourly wage – including tips – factoring in at $11.13, the BLS reports. However, the middle 50%  earned anywhere between $8.57 and $15.03 per hour. The best job opportunities are in bustling metropolitan areas, simply because these places tend to have more people and therefore more potential clients and employers. Who was my mentor? My mentor is Vero. Vero owns her own beauty salon along with a close friend of hers. The name of her salon is Hermosa Beauty Salon. In her salon, they do much more than just hair. They do Hair, makeup,hair dyes, eyebrows and much more. she became a cosmetologist because it was and is a passion. She loves everything when it comes to cosmetics. She liked it all so much, she studies cosmetics, and after 2,000 hours of training, she got her degree in cosmetology from Razzle Dazzle. She then continued and opened up her salon. According to her, there are many downfalls to having your own shop. One of those being the customers. The customers, when she has a long day, are sometimes rude. One tip she told said was â€Å"be careful for the rude ones, you need to be nice even if they are the rudest people ever.† Along with that, she has many likes and dislike about her job/ career. some more dislike are that sometime one has a really slow day. When one has a slow day, one don’t get as many customers coming through the doors. The fact that your own personal schedule has revolve around your work schedule is anot her con on having your own shop. Sometimes, you work even eight to twelve hour (if not longer)shifts, seven days a week. On the upside, the fact of having a slow day, you get to go home earlier, and you get to practice a little more. Another good thing about her job is that it is â€Å"fast and easy† money(depending on how well known your shop is). If you are well-known, you get paid a decent amount of money. Adding on to the pros, you get to meet many different personalities, good or bad. Because you get to see different personalities come in and out of the door, you get to interact with them, you get to learn how to cope with all kinds of personalities. You just need to learn how to get along. All in all, cosmetology, it isn’t just about dealing with hair. Cosmetology is about: hair, makeup, nails, face, feet, your entire body. Cosmetology isn’t just a job. Cosmetology is a passion, a passion that not everybody has. It is a talent; a talent that most people wish they had. There is a ton of work involved in becoming a cosmetologist. It is not an â€Å"easy-way-out† career like most say. It is a career that in the end, pays off. This career,  it is one that will be sticking around for quite some time, as long as society needs it(society will be needing it for quite some time). Since there will always be a demand for cosmetics, cosmetology will always be around. Cosmetology, in order to be an actual cosmetologist, you need to go through a ton of training(2000+ hours). It is not a career in which you can get your degree in in about a day. There is a lot more needed than most think there is. The cosmetologist degree isn’t, in my opinion, it isnâ₠¬â„¢t a degree for those who want an easy way out. It is for those that actually have a passion for cosmetics.Cosmetology is and will be a challenging and very fulfilling career. Works Cited â€Å"Cosmetology Careers and Cosmetology Education Information.† What Is Cosmetology? N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Sept. 2013.Ganchy, Sally. A Career as a Cosmetologist. New York: Rosen Pub., 2013. Print. Korman, Lorraine. â€Å"Cosmetology Career Starter 2e Paperback – January 1, 2002.†Cosmetology Career Starter 2e: LearningExpress Editors: 9781576853979: Amazon.com: Books. Learning Express, 2002. Web. 26 Sept. 2013. Learning Express. Cosmetology Certification Exam. New York, NY: LearningExpress, 2009. Print. Ley, Samantha, and Demand Media. â€Å"What Kind of Education Is Required to Be a Cosmetologist?† Work. Demand Media, 2013. Web. 26 Sept. 2013. Milady/Cengage Learning. Exam Review for Milady Standard Cosmetology 2012. Clifton Park, New York: Milady/Cengage Learning, 2012. Print. Paterson, Anne, ed. Careers in Focus. Second ed. Chicago, IL: Ferguson Pub., 2000. Print. Rosenberg-McKay, Dawn. â€Å"Cosmetologists, Hairdressers and Related Jobs: Career Informat ion.† About.com Career Planning. About.com Guide, 2013. Web. 26 Sept. 2013. Thompson, Lauren. â€Å"Why Is Cosmetology Important to Society?† EHow. Demand Media, 07 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Oct. 2013. http://www.beautyschoolsdirectory.com/faq/cosmetology.php http://work.chron.com/kind-education-required-cosmetologist-10688.html http://careerplanning.about.com/cs/occupations/p/cosmetology.htm http://www.ehow.com/about_5507200_cosmetology-important-society.html#ixz 2 hC57 LnVn

Belzec Concentration Camp essays

Belzec Concentration Camp essays During the Holocaust, many labor and mass murder camps were built. Auschwitz and Birkenau were infamous for their heavy labor camps. Other camps also built were solely built for mass murders. At these mass murder camps, some used gas to poison the people. The Belzec concentration camp is an example of one of these camps. It was established in February 1940 and on November 1, 1941, construction began at this death camp. It was opened for only 9 months and is reported that 600,000 people died there. Belzec had the capacity to kill 15,000 a day. There are only two known survivors. The Belzec concentration camps were built on the orders of Hitler that were passed down to Heinrich Himmler. Himmler, in turn, ordered Odilo Globocnik, the SS commissioner occupying Poland, to construct a camp at Belzec. One of the first gas chambers that were built was at Belzec. Deportees from Cracow, Radom, Galicia, Czechoslovakia, Holland, as well as Belzec went there. Christian Wirth, formerly of the Brandenburg euthanasia program, built the gas chamber. His building contained three rectangular rooms, each about thirteen by twenty-six feet, with ceilings just over six feet high. A 240-horsepower engine from a captured Russian tank was installed in a shed just outside, and exhaust fumes were piped into the chambers. Many believed that carbon monoxide was a reliable form of gassing. However, this form of gassing, at the beginning, functioned very inefficiently. A report from a SS colonial concludes this. In it he says, "[Sergeant] Hackenholt was making great efforts to get the engine running. But it doesn't go up...My stopwatch showed it all, 50 minutes, 70 minutes, and the diesel did not start. The people wait inside the gas chamber. In vain...After 2 hours and 49 minutes-the stopwatch recorded it all-the diesel started...the people shut up in those four crowded chambers were alive, four times 750 in four times 45 cubic meters...25 minutes elapsed. M...

Memorable Quotes From Lord of the Flies

Memorable Quotes From 'Lord of the Flies' The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, was first published in 1954 and became instantly controversial. The twisted coming-of-age story tells the tale of a group of schoolboys stranded on a desert island after a plane crash. Its by far Goldings best-known work. As the boys struggle to survive, they devolve into violence. This book is a commentary on human nature that shows mankinds darkest undertones. The novel is now sometimes considered something of a companion piece to J.D. Salingers coming-of-age story The Catcher in the Rye. The two works can be viewed as flip sides of the same coin. Both books have themes of isolation, with peer pressure and loss featuring heavily in their plots. The Lord of the Flies is one of the most-read and most popular books for high school and college students studying youth culture and its influences. Piggys Role Concerned with order and doing things in a civilized way, Piggy is doomed early on in the story. He tries to help keep order and grows distressed when the boys cant even manage the basic task of building a fire.   Chapter 1 They used to call me Piggy! Before this statement, Piggy tells Ralph  I dont care what they call me...so long as they dont call me what they used to call me in school. The reader might not realize it yet, but this does not bode well for poor Piggy. His weakness has been identified and when Jack breaks his glasses soon after, readers have  already started to suspect that Piggys life is in danger. Ralph and Jack Battle for Control Chapter 2 Weve got to have rules and obey them. After all, were not savages. Were English, and the English are best at everything. This is a central point of The Lord of the Flies, and is Goldings strongest commentary about both the necessity and the futility of trying to impose a structure on a world inhabited by people with base instincts. Jack, who later becomes the leader of the savage group of boys, cant conceive of a world without British dominance.   Chapter 4 He began to dance and his laughter became a bloodthirsty snarling. This description of Jack in chapter 4 shows the beginning of the tendency toward savagery. Its a truly disturbing scene and sets the stage for the brutality thats coming next.   Chapter 5 All this I meant to say. Now Ive said it. You voted me for chief. Now you do what I say. Ralph still has some semblance of control as the groups leader at this point, with the rules still somewhat intact. But the foreboding here is clear, and its obvious to the reader that the fabric of their little society is about to tear.   And you shut up! Who are you, anyway? Sitting there telling people what to do. You cant hunt, you cant sing... Im chief. I was chosen. Why should choosing make any difference? Just giving orders that dont make any sense... This exchange between Ralph and Jack shows the larger dilemma of earned power and authority versus power that is bestowed. It can be read as a debate between the nature of a monarchy versus elected rulers.   The Beast Within? Chapter 5 Maybe there is a beast...maybe its only us. As the doomed Simon and Piggy try to make sense of whats really happening on the island, Golding gives us yet another larger moral theme to consider. With the world in The Lord of the Flies at war, and Goldings status as a war veteran, this statement seems to question whether humans are their own worst enemy. The authors answer is an emphatic yes.

Marketing Plan for a Camera Phone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 13

Marketing Plan for a Camera Phone - Essay Example From this study it is clear that the goals of the company are to launch the camera phone and capture at least 10% of the market in the first year. This means that the company has to ensure that the marketing is targeted and focused on the particular segments it wants the phone to be sold. Culture: The Company has a laissez faire and democratic culture in its dealings with employees and other stakeholders. This is part of the strategy to ensure that it remains in touch with the latest trends in the telecom space by aligning itself to the needs of the youth. Strengths: Apart from the technical strengths of the mobile phone and its perceived edge over the others in the design and features of the camera phone, the company also focuses on the emerging trends and tries to be ahead of the curve. According to the essay the Company hopes to gain market share proportional to the products that it is marketing and feels that this can be done. One of the aims of this marketing plan is to detail w ays in which the company can gain market share by targeting the customer segments appropriately. Market position: The Company does not have the market leader position but hopes to gain market share by launching its products into the market targeted at a particular segment and aimed at the brand conscious and style conscious customers. By this way, the company hopes to do well in the chosen market segments. Strengths: The competitors are well established and have a presence that is formidable. Only by playing to the company’s strengths in terms of features and style can the company hope to gain market share. Market shares: The market shares of the competitors are formidable but the company can rely on the product doing well in the market place. This is a sure way of ensuring that the market share is gained in a short time.